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📚 Software Engineering Articles

🗞️ Tech and AI Trends

👨🏻‍💻 Coding Tip

  • Redis pipelining boosts performance 10x by batching commands together

Time-to-digest: 5 minutes

Google built a global authorization system that handles over 10M permission checks per second across services like Drive, YouTube, and Photos. Zanzibar's elegant design proves that complex authorization can be both scalable and developer-friendly through smart architectural choices.

The challenge: Building a globally distributed authorization system that maintains both consistency and sub-millisecond performance while handling trillions of permission records.

Implementation highlights:

  • Tuple-based modeling: Simple object-relation-user format makes complex permissions manageable

  • Zookie protocol: Ensures consistency between permission changes and content updates using timestamp tokens

  • Global replication: 10,000+ servers across 30+ locations for low-latency local reads

  • Smart caching: Uses consistent hashing and request deduplication to handle hotspots

  • Leopard indexing: Pre-computes group memberships to avoid expensive recursive checks

Results and learnings:

  • Lightning fast: 99% of checks complete in under 9ms using local replicas

  • Rock solid: Maintained 99.999% availability over 3 years

  • Battle-tested: Successfully powers authorization for billions of users across Google's ecosystem

Zanzibar shows that even the most complex authorization problems can be tamed with clean abstractions and data-driven optimizations. You don't need Google's scale to benefit from its lessons in building predictable, maintainable permission systems.

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Brief: Amazon continues its cost-cutting measures with a new round of 16,000 layoffs across multiple divisions globally, marking one of the largest tech workforce reductions in early 2026.

Brief: Google introduces major Chrome updates powered by Gemini 3, including a new side panel for multitasking, auto-browse capabilities for complex tasks, and Connected Apps integration with Gmail, Calendar, and other Google services.

Brief: A frustrated software developer shares his journey of switching to Linux after 20+ years of Windows usage, triggered by Microsoft's aggressive updates, intrusive ads, and critical bugs in Windows 11, while providing insights on the current state of Linux for various use cases.

Brief: Moltbook debuts as a pioneering social platform exclusively for AI agents to interact, featuring 1.5M AI users, various communities called "submolts," and a unique system where agents can share content while humans observe their interactions.

This week’s tip:

Redis pipelining reduces network round-trips by batching multiple commands into a single request. This technique can improve throughput by 5-10x when executing many operations sequentially.

Wen?

  • Bulk data operations: Loading large datasets into Redis with minimal latency impact

  • Cache warming: Preloading thousands of keys during application startup

  • Batch analytics: Collecting multiple metrics in a single atomic operation

It does not matter how slowly you go so long as you do not stop.
Confucius

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See you in a week — Alex.

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